By the early 19th century, observers of local militias often complained that these volunteer companies were inept and poorly trained. The Franklin Cadets of Deerfield, Massachusetts, were an exception. Organized in 1823, their fine uniforms, precision marching, and coordinated musket firing impressed spectators. The unit played an important role on fall militia training days, and enlivened many public celebrations. The sound of fifes and drums accompanied the Cadets whenever they appeared. This dress sword belonged to Lieutenant Henry Smith (1805-1900) of South Deerfield, Massachusetts. The Franklin Cadets paraded for the last time in 1854.